What is HTML5? Lexicon: HTML5 explained simply

What is HTML5?

HTML5 is the fifth version of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), developed to structure and link text and other content in electronic documents on the web. This version offers a variety of new functions and improvements compared to its predecessors. The most important new features include integrated support for video and audio elements as well as extended options for displaying 2D and 3D graphics, all without additional plug-ins. HTML5 was published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) on October 28, 2014, replacing HTML 4.01, XHTML 1.0 and HTML Level 2.

Local storage and multimedia features

HTML5 introduces the option of storing data locally, which makes it much easier to develop web applications that can also work offline. The language also enables the integration of SVG and MathML elements, which supports the display of vector graphics and mathematical formulas. The introduction of new structural elements such as

and

further improves the semantic structuring of content and supports interactivity on the web.

Historical development of HTML5

HTML5 was born out of the need to modernize the Internet and adapt it to the new requirements of the web. Originally, the web was based on HTML4, which has remained unchanged since 1997. There were no significant further developments in HTML technology between 1997 and 2009. The first step towards HTML5 was in 2004, when the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG) began its work on new standards. XHTML, which was originally intended as a replacement for HTML4, proved to be too complex and less compatible.

From XHTML to HTML5

The development of XHTML 2.0 was therefore abandoned at the end of 2009, and attention focused entirely on HTML5. From 2006, the W3C also supported the work on HTML5 and joined the WHATWG. An important step towards the publication of HTML5 was achieved through a series of drafts and recommendations that eventually led to the stable version published on October 28, 2014. The close collaboration between W3C and WHATWG resulted in a standard that overcame the challenges of previous versions and laid the foundation for the modern web.

While the W3C pursues a stable model in which HTML5 als Momentaufnahme veröffentlicht wird, setzt die WHATWG auf ein versionsloses, sich ständig weiterentwickelndes Modell, bekannt als „Living Standard“. Diese duale Vorgehensweise stellt sicher, dass HTML5 is continuously improved, while providing stable versions for long-term planning and implementation by developers.

Advantages of using HTML5

HTML5 bietet eine Vielzahl von Vorteilen, die es zu einer unverzichtbaren Sprache für moderne Webentwicklung machen. Einer der größten Vorteile ist die Lösung von Kompatibilitätsproblemen, die bei früheren HTML-Versionen häufig auftraten. Durch den Verzicht auf proprietäre APIs und Plug-ins wird die Webentwicklung vereinfacht und standardisiert. Dies führt zu einem leistungsfähigeren Code und ermöglicht die Darstellung dynamischer Inhalte ohne die Notwendigkeit externer Plug-ins, was die User Experience significantly improved.

Cross-platform development and SEO optimization

Another key advantage of HTML5 is its ability to display content consistently across platforms, whether on computers, tablets or smartphones. This facilitates the development of responsive websites that function optimally on different devices. It also offers HTML5 improved structuring options that not only improve readability and accessibility for end users, but also have a positive impact on search engine rankings. Through the use of new structuring elements such as

and

content can be better assigned and crawled more efficiently by search engines.

The ability to integrate videos and audio files directly into websites without additional plug-ins also makes media management easier and reduces potential security risks that could arise from external plug-ins. Furthermore HTML5 Support for local storage, which enables the development of offline-capable web applications. All in all HTML5 ensures that modern websites are more secure, faster and better structured, benefiting both developers and users.

Technical innovations and new elements in HTML5

HTML5 brings with it a number of technical innovations and new elements that help to make the web more interactive and dynamic. The most notable additions include new structural elements such as

and

. Diese Elemente ermöglichen eine semantisch korrektere Gliederung von Webseiteninhalten, was nicht nur die Lesbarkeit für Benutzer verbessert, sondern auch die Effizienz der Suchmaschinenoptimierung (SEO) unterstützt.

Extended multimedia and graphics integration

In the multimedia sector, too HTML5 significant improvements achieved. With the new - and -elements, developers can insert media content directly into their pages without having to resort to external plug-ins. The <canvas>-element provides a powerful way to dynamically draw 2D graphics and enable interactivity. These improvements expand the creative possibilities for developers while reducing dependencies on third-party technologies.

Other significant innovations include the local storage of data using Web Storage APIwhich makes it possible to display information in the Browser of the user. This is particularly useful for offline work and web applications that need to remain functional even without an internet connection. In addition, new form elements have been introduced that simplify the development of interactive web applications and improve usability. HTML5 has thus created the basis for future-proofing the web and enabling developers to create innovative and high-performance applications.

Influence of HTML5 on SEO

The Influence of HTML5 on search engine optimization (SEO) is considerable and complex. One of the core functions of HTML5 is to create a cleaner and clearer structure for web content. Among other things, this is achieved through new semantic tags such as